Australia’s interaction with forest fires highlights the interplay of geography, climate, and ecosystems. This research explores the evolution of fire management practices, from ancient Indigenous ‘firestick farming’ to modern strategies using remote sensing and predictive modelling. For millennia, Indigenous Australians used controlled burns to manage landscapes, promoting ecological health and reducing wildfire risks. The disruption of these practices by European settlers in the late 18th century, through land clearing and the introduction of non-native species, led to increased fuel loads and more severe wildfires. The 20th century brought significant technological advancements to fire management, including motorised fire trucks, aircraft, and improved communication systems. However, the real revolution came with the introduction of remote sensing and early warning systems. These technologies enabled real-time monitoring and predictive insights, significantly enhancing fire management. Today, predictive modelling and machine learning further improve fire management by enabling precise forecasting and efficient resource allocation. This research underscores the crucial role of integrating Indigenous knowledge and community engagement with modern strategies for sustainable fire management. As climate change increases wildfire risks, adapting to these challenges is more important than ever. Australia’s approach, which blends traditional wisdom with modern science, serves as a global model for effective wildfire management.